AZ-900 -> 1. Describe Cloud Concepts (15-20%)

Describe Cloud Concepts
  1. Episode 0: Course Overview

  1. Episode 1: Cloud Computing, High Availability, Scalability, Elasticity, Agility, Fault Tolerance, and Disaster Recovery

    1. Cloud Computing

Service delivery model over the internet (cloud). This includes but is not limited to

  • compute power meaning servers such as windows, Linux, hosting environments, etc.

  • storage like files and/or databases

  • networking in azure but also outside when connecting to your company network.

  • analytics services for visualization and telemetry data

  1. Key concepts

  • scalability is the ability to scale, so allocate and deallocate resources at any time.

  • elasticity is the ability to scale dynamically.




  • agility is the ability to react fast (scale quickly)

  • fault tolerance is the ability to maintain system uptime while physical and service component failures happen.

  • disaster recovery is the process and design principle which allows a system to recover from natural or human-induced disasters

  • high availability is the agreed level of operational uptime for the system. It is a simple calculation of system

  • uptime versus the whole lifetime of the system.

    • availability = uptime/(uptime + downtime)


  1. Episode 2: Principles of economies of scale

The principle of economies of scale states that as companies grow they become more effective at managing shared operations. Be that HR and hiring, taxes, accounting, internal operations, marketing, big purchases via contracts meaning better discounts, etc., etc.

Because of those, companies can save/earn more which in return allows for reduction in cost of their services to their customers. This is so-called ‘price per unit’.

It’s not possible to go to 0 because, in the end, some underlying infrastructure needs to run to provide the services. But the larger the scale the more benefits can be passed to customers.

In fact, on the current scale, Microsoft can already offer multiple services for free due to how small a fraction of the cost it is for them.

Thus, As Company grows, cost decreases, or we can say that:

Company growth 1/Cost per user

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  1. Episode 3: Capital Expenditure (CapEx) vs Operational Expenditure (OpEx)

  2. and their differences

    1. Economies of scale is the ability to do things more efficiently or at a lower cost per unit when operating at a larger scale. 

  1. Capital Expenditure (CapEx) vs Operational Expenditure (OpEx)

    CategoryCapital Expenditure (CapEx)Operational Expenditure (OpEx)
    DefinitionThe upfront cost for physical infrastructure with a value that reduces over timePaying for services or products now and being billed for them now with no upfront cost
    CostsServer cost, storage cost, network cost, backup and archive cost, organization continuity and disaster recovery cost, data center infrastructure costs, technical personnel, leasing software and customized features, scaling charges based on usage/demand, billing at the user or organization levelBased on usage, billing categories can include the number of users or CPU usage time, allocated RAM, I/O operations per second (IOPS), and storage space
    Upfront CostSignificantNone
    Ongoing CostLowBased on usage
    Tax DeductionOver timeSame year
    Early TerminationNoAnytime
    MaintenanceSignificantLow
    Value over timeLowersN/A


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  1. Episode 4: Consumption-based model

The consumption-based model is a pricing model used in the cloud so that customers are only charged based on their resource usage.

This model is characterized by:

  • No associated upfront cost.

  • No wasted resources as such no charges are incurred for unused resources*. Unused in this case is different per service. For instance, blob storage that stores any data is considered to be used, as it consumes

  • the storage space. Virtual Machines that are running consume CPU, memory, and other resources even if there isn’t any traffic. Hence they are considered to be used and will incur charges.

  • Pay for what you need only.

  • Stop paying when you don’t use resources.

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   Description automatically generated

Consumption is the virtual metric used to calculate how much each resource (service) in Azure was used. Each service has many smaller metrics that track its consumption to offer the best possible pricing model. Those metrics are tracked on a very granular level.

  1. Episode 5: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, and their differences

    1. Service Models responsibilities

As a service means which party will manage the layer and all the layers below.

  • Software layer consists of the application (application code and set) & the application data.

  • Platform layer means all the supporting software and the operating system required to host the application.

  • Infrastructure layer consists of hardware the infrastructure and virtualization required to host the platform.

Layer

Layer

Application

Software

Data

Software

Runtime

Platform

Middleware

Platform

Operating System

Platform

Virtualization

Infrastructure

Servers

Infrastructure

Networking

Infrastructure

Storage

Infrastructure

  1. Responsibility Matrix

As such following table represents responsibilities

Layer

On-Premises

IaaS

PaaS

SaaS

Application

You

You

You

Cloud provider

Data

You

You

You

Cloud provider

Runtime

You

You

Cloud provider

Cloud provider

Middleware

You

You

Cloud provider

Cloud provider

Operating System

You

You

Cloud provider

Cloud provider

Virtualization

You

Cloud provider

Cloud provider

Cloud provider

Servers

You

Cloud provider

Cloud provider

Cloud provider

Networking

You

Cloud provider

Cloud provider

Cloud provider

Storage

You

Cloud provider

Cloud provider

Cloud provider

Definition

Cloud manages nothing.
You manage everything – Infrastructure, Platform and Software

Cloud Manages Infrastructure.
You manage - Platform (OS, Middleware, Runtime) and Software (Data & Apps).

You manage only Software.
Cloud manages Infrastructure(N/W, H/W & Virtualization) and Platform.

You manage nothing.
Cloud manages everything.

Use Cases


Migration of Workloads
Test and Development
Storage, Backups & Recovery

Development Framework.
Analytics and BI.
AI and ML.

Buying of-the-shell applications.

Examples

Server at your home location.

VM, Virtual Networks, Managed Disks

SQL, App Services, Logic Apps, Function Apps, etc.

One Drive, Outlook, Skype, etc.




  1. Episode 6: Public, Private, Hybrid cloud and their differences

    1. Cloud Deployment Model

Cloud Deployment Model is a separation that describes where are the company resources deployed. Whether this is in a public cloud provider environment or private data center.

The below table presents high-level deployment model separation

Layer

Cloud Provider

Own Datacenter

Public

Hybrid

Private








  1. Public Cloud

Cloud Provider

Own Datacenter


Key Characteristics

  • Everything runs on cloud provider hardware.

  • No local hardware.

  • Some services share hardware with other customers.

Advantages

  • No CapEx (No initial investment).

  • High Availability.

  • Agility.

  • Pay as you Go (PAYG) pricing.

  • No hardware maintenance.

  • No deep technical skills are required.

Disadvantages

  • Not all security and compliance policies can be met.

  • No ownership over the physical infrastructure.

  • Rare specific scenarios can’t be done.



  1. Private Cloud

Cloud Provider

Own Datacenter


Key Characteristics

  • Everything runs on your own data center.

  • Self-service should be provided.

  • You maintain the hardware.

Advantages

  • Can support any scenario.

  • Total control over security and infrastructure.

  • Can meet any security and compliance policy.

Disadvantages

  • Initial investment is required (CapEx).

  • Limited agility constrained by server capacity and team skills.

  • Very dependent on IT skills & expertise.


  1. Hybrid Cloud

Cloud Provider

Own Datacenter


Key Characteristics

  • Combines both Public & Private cloud.

Advantages

  • Great flexibility

  • You can run any legacy apps in private cloud.

  • Can utilize existing infrastructure.

  • Meet any security& compliance requirements.

  • Can take advantage of all public cloud benefits.

Disadvantages

  • Can be more expensive.

  • Complicated to manage due to larger landscape.

  • Most dependent on IT skills & expertise from all three models


  1. AZURE – Plans & Subscriptions

You cannot merge two subscriptions into a single subscription. However, you can 

  • move some Azure resources from one subscription to another.

  • transfer ownership of a subscription and change the billing type for a subscription.

  • A company can have multiple subscriptions and store resources in the different subscriptions. However, a resource instance can exist in only one subscription.

  • You can use the same account to manage multiple subscriptions. You can create an additional subscription for your account in the Azure portal. You may want an additional subscription to avoid hitting subscription limits, to create separate environments for security, or to isolate data for compliance reasons.

  • You need an Azure Active Directory account to manage a subscription, not a Microsoft account.
    An account is created in the Azure Active Directory when you create the subscription. Further accounts can be created in the Azure Active Directory to manage the subscription.

Additional Azure subscriptions: 

 

  • Environments: When managing your resources, you can choose to create subscriptions to set up separate environments for development and testing, security, or to isolate data for compliance reasons. This is particularly useful because resource access control occurs at the subscription level. 

Organizational structures: You can create subscriptions to reflect different organizational structures. For example, you could limit a team to lower-cost resources, while allowing the IT

  1. Web Tier Plans

PLAN 🡪

Feature 

FREE(F)

SHARED(D)

BASIC(B)

STANDARD(S)

PREMIUM(P)

SIZES

1-F1

1-D1

3-B1,B2,B3

3-S1,S2,S3

3-P1,P2,P3

STORAGE

1 GB

1 GB

10 GB

50 GB

250 GB

DOMAINS


Custom

Custom

Custom

Custom

SSL



SNI SSL Only

SNI SSL + IP SSL

SNI SSL + IP SSL

SCALEOUT



3 Instances (Manual Only)

10 Instances (Auto)

20 Instances (auto)

DAILY BACKUP




Yes

Yes – 50 Times

DEPLOYMENT SLOTS




5

20

TRAFFIC MANAGER SUPPORT




Yes

Yes

DEBUGGER SUPPORT CONNECTIONS

1

1

5

5

5

APPS SUPPORTED [BITS]

32

32

32, 64

32, 64

32, 64

SLA(s)



99.95%

99.95%

99.95%

HYBRID CONNECTIONS



5

25

200

CPU RESOURCES

60 min/day

240 min/day







Resource : https://marczak.io/az-900     
Thanks Marc Zack
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